Teaching methods that actively involve students in the learning process have a long-standing reputation for promoting deeper understanding and retention of material. One powerful approach is allowing students to “teach” the material to their peers and tutors. Research shows that when students explain concepts to others, they clarify and strengthen their own understanding, leading to improved academic outcomes and knowledge retention.
Studies in cognitive science demonstrate that active learning approaches, including peer teaching, enhance comprehension. This is also known as the “protégé effect,” i.e. a phenomenon where students learn more effectively when they’re the ones responsible for teaching and communicating the material. When students know they’ll need to explain the material, they engage in more thorough preparation and tend to gather more information relevant to the topic, thereby reinforcing their grasp of the content. This effect is further backed by research from Australia’s Monash University, which found that students involved in peer teaching showed improved retention rates and analytical skills, both essential for academic and career success.
Moreover, the Australian educational framework places a growing emphasis on collaborative learning and critical thinking, skills that are essential in today’s dynamic work environments. By teaching the material, students practise communicating complex ideas and build the confidence to approach unfamiliar problems. This peer-driven learning environment helps break down barriers between students and teachers, fostering a culture of open discussion and mutual respect, which can be particularly effective in diverse classrooms.
Tutors can support peer teaching by creating activities where the student can lead discussions or explain key concepts using teaching techniques, such as interactive materials (i.e. the whiteboard). This technique also allows tutors to step into a facilitative role, guiding and deepening conversations as needed, rather than simply delivering information. Over time, peer-led teaching has been shown to improve students’ long-term retention and self-efficacy, equipping them with essential skills for both academic and personal growth.
Emily Mackay
