As a tutor, I’ve helped many students refine their essay-writing skills, and I know it can be really challenging for students to write a well-structured essay so, I thought I would share the steps that I go through with my students to be able to successfully write a good essay.
1. Understand the Prompt
Before even thinking about writing, break down the question. Highlight key terms, identify the required text(s), and determine the approach (e.g., analytical, comparative, or persuasive).
2. Plan Before You Write
Many students dive straight into writing without planning, which often results in weak arguments and structural issues. Before writing plan out the; Introduction ( Thesis),
Body Paragraphs (Topic sentences, supporting evidence, and analysis) and
Conclusion (what is your final judgement and argument in response to question).
3. Structure Your Body Paragraphs Effectively
Follow the TEEL structure (Topic sentence, Evidence, Explanation, Link):
Topic Sentence: Introduce the main idea of the paragraph.
Evidence: Provide quotes or examples from the text.
Explanation: Analyse how the evidence supports your argument.
Link: Tie it back to the essay question and transition smoothly to the next point.
4. Use Strong Evidence and Analysis
Always link your evidence back to the essay question and explore how it supports your argument. Avoid summarising the text; instead, focus on interpretation and critical analysis.
5. Keep Your Writing Clear and Formal
Year 11-12 essays require a formal tone. Avoid slang, contractions (e.g., “don’t” should be “do not”), and first-person language (unless the task explicitly requires personal reflection). Ensure your arguments flow logically, and use linking words (e.g., “furthermore,” “in contrast,” “therefore”) to connect ideas smoothly.
6. Craft a Strong Conclusion
Your conclusion should restate your main argument and summarise your key points. Do not introduce new arguments—this is your final opportunity to reinforce your response and leave a lasting impression on the reader.
7. Edit and Proofread
Never submit your first draft. Read your essay aloud to catch awkward phrasing and grammatical errors. Check for clarity, coherence, and relevance. If possible, get someone else to read it and provide feedback
Bianca Douroudis
