I thought it would be fun (and pretty interesting) to apply some of the research I’ve learned in my psychology classes at university and give some study tips that can really improve your tutoring sessions.

1. Make Reinforcement Work for You

B.F. Skinner’s research on reinforcement showed that positive feedback, like praise, rewards, or even a simple high five, can help reinforce good study habits. Set up a reward system that keeps students engaged and motivated.

2. Teach Active Recall and Spaced Repetition

Passive reading is the killer of memory retention. An alternative would be for students to quiz themselves instead! Research by Hermann Ebbinghaus showed that retrieving information strengthens memory, while spacing out study sessions over time (instead of cramming) boosts long-term retention. Try using flashcards or low-stakes quizzes.

3. Break Big Tasks into Small Wins

Large assignments can feel overwhelming, for everyone (no matter who you think you are). Use behaviour shaping and chaining (Thorndike’s Law of Effect) to guide students through tasks step by step. Celebrate each milestone to maintain momentum!

4. Foster Intrinsic Motivation

Self-Determination Theory (Deci & Ryan) suggests that students are most motivated when they feel in control, competent, and connected. Give them choices in their study routine and highlight their progress to keep them engaged.

5. Encourage Deep Learning Techniques

Help students move beyond memorisation by using elaborative interrogation (asking ‘why’ questions) and self-explanation (verbalising their reasoning). This strengthens connections between concepts and improves understanding.

6. Promote Self-Regulated Learning

Metacognition; thinking about thinking is key! Encourage students to reflect on what study methods work best for them and adjust accordingly. Self-testing and planning ahead are great ways to build this skill.

7. Tackle Procrastination Head-On

David Premack’s Principle suggests that pairing a less preferred task (like studying) with a more enjoyable one (like listening to music) can boost motivation. Help students structure their time so they tackle hard tasks first, followed by something rewarding.

8. Guide Students to Make Smarter Choices

The Matching Law (Herrnstein) states that people allocate effort based on expected rewards. Teach students how to prioritise study tasks by focusing on the areas that will yield the biggest academic payoff.

Stay Safe~

Toby B